More than $15 trillion flows from consumers every year, which fuels roughly 70% of the U.S. economy.
The average household spent about $77,280 in 2023, up 5.9% from the prior year. With incomes rising faster than prices, many people saw real buying power improve last year.
This section gives a clear, data-driven read on how your daily spending choices ripple through the market and shape jobs, prices, and confidence.
Housing made up 32.9% and transportation 17% of average outlays. Those big buckets help you benchmark your own household mix against national norms.
Key Takeaways
- Consumer spending is the main driver of U.S. economic activity.
- The $77,280 average shows how people allocate funds across needs and wants.
- Housing and transportation dominate household budgets; compare your mix.
- Income growth outpaced price increases in 2023, easing some cost pressures.
- Market shifts like subscriptions and mobile payments are changing behavior.
Why Your Spending Choices Matter to a 70% Consumer-Driven Economy
Every purchase—big or small—feeds a massive engine of jobs and revenue across the country. Your split between essentials and extras shapes how firms plan, hire, and price goods and services. When many households shift the same way, the market responds quickly.
?si=Kia3bWHIqino_Pcj">?si=Kia3bWHIqino_Pcj
Nondiscretionary vs. discretionary: how you split necessities and wants
Map your household budget across nondiscretionary necessities—food, medicine, housing, clothing—and discretionary items. This split shows how flexible your monthly finances are and where shocks may bite first.
What $15T in consumption means for growth, jobs, and the market
More than $15 trillion in consumer spending powers growth across goods and services. That demand supports business revenue, hiring, and a stable labor market.
- Use industry benchmarks to see if your purchases match typical household mixes.
- Note that 2023 saw incomes rise faster than prices, which gave many consumers more real money power for select upgrades.
- Watch drivers like wages, job security, and credit—they shift your balance between needs and wants.
Practical takeaway: Stress-test an essentials-first plan so unexpected price swings don’t crowd out savings or long-term goals. Timing big-ticket purchases during favorable rate or promo windows can protect purchasing power and improve outcomes for both your household and the broader economy.
Inside 2023’s Consumer Snapshot: Prices, Incomes, and Where Your Money Went
The data for 2023 highlights how price moves and wage gains shaped everyday purchases.
Average annual expenditures reached $77,280, a 5.9% rise from the prior year. That jump came as incomes rose faster than prices, giving many households more breathing room.
Category weights that matter
Housing accounted for 32.9% of spending, while transportation made up 17%. These two categories set the baseline for most household budgets.
Income vs. inflation: real purchasing power
Average pre-tax income climbed 8.3% while CPI-U rose 4.1%. That gap translated into extra discretionary room for some consumers and firmer demand for goods and services.
- 5.9% total spending growth aligned with moderating but still-elevated prices.
- Compare your home and transport shares to 32.9% and 17% to spot fixed-cost risk.
- Smaller categories—personal care, alcohol, tobacco, reading—each stayed under 5% yet can erode savings over time.
Category Shifts You Feel at Home: Housing, Food, and Transportation
Last year's data shows clear moves in housing, transport, and food that affect everyday choices. These category shifts change how much of your paycheck goes toward essentials and which purchases you can defer.
Housing: rented and owned costs climb while short-term lodging jumps
Housing rose 4.7% overall. Rented dwellings increased +7.6%, owned dwellings +5.7%, and other lodging surged +11.1%.
Practical step: review your housing-to-income ratio and consider lease negotiations or refinancing to protect savings.
Transportation: more vehicle purchases while gasoline outlays fall
Transportation spending increased 7.1%, led by vehicle purchases (+23.2%) and public transit (+29.7%).
At the same time, gasoline spending fell −12.7% as pump prices eased. That saved money can fund maintenance or debt reduction.
Food: dining out grows faster, groceries still climb
Food spending rose 6.9% overall. Eating away from home led at +8.1%, while food at home increased +6.1%.
Compare dining versus grocery costs to decide where convenience is worth the extra price.
"Small shifts across these categories can add up fast; tracking them helps you control monthly outcomes."
| Category | 2023 Change | Key Drivers | Action |
| Housing | +4.7% | Rents, ownership costs, short-term lodging | Renegotiate, refinance, or trim discretionary home services |
| Transportation | +7.1% | Vehicle purchases +23.2%, public transit +29.7%, gas −12.7% | Time purchases, use transit, reallocate gas savings |
| Food | +6.9% | Dining out +8.1%, groceries +6.1% | Meal plan, balance convenience vs. cost |
Where You’re Reinvesting: Insurance, Pensions, Education, and Entertainment
More households are shifting paychecks toward protection, future income, and learning. These reallocations show how consumer spending is evolving after 2023.
Personal insurance and pensions rose 9.3% last year. Contributions to pensions and Social Security climbed 9.6%, while life and other personal insurance grew 5.2%. That makes smaller monthly sacrifices now feel like bigger long-term gains.
Education spending jumped ~24% for the year. Elementary and high school tuition rose 39.2%, school supplies 38.6%, and test prep/tutoring 29.6%. If you have a child, build these costs into your 2025 plan and check payment plans or seasonal discounts.
Entertainment bounced back with a 5.1% gain. Pets, toys, and hobby gear grew 16.4%; admissions and fees rose 14.2%. Balance fun against savings goals and look for bundles that give perks without raising fixed costs.
"Prioritize employer matches, preset savings for tuition, and trim recurring services to free cash for protection and growth."
| Category | 2023 Change | Drivers | Action |
| Insurance & Pensions | +9.3% | Employer contributions, Social Security, life policies | Claim employer match, set consistent contributions |
| Education | +24% | Tuition +39.2%, supplies +38.6%, tutoring +29.6% | Pre-budget for enrollment, use discounts and payment plans |
| Entertainment & Hobbies | +5.1% | Pets/toys +16.4%, admissions +14.2% | Trim subscriptions, buy seasonally, compare bundles |
The Outliers: What You Cut Back On in 2023
A few categories shrank in 2023, revealing how changing conditions shaped monthly budgets.
Cash contributions fell 13.7% in 2023 after a 14.1% rise the prior year. This item covers transfers outside the consumer unit: alimony, child support, student care away from home, and donations to religious, educational, charitable, or political groups.
Cash contributions decline: shifting values or tighter household conditions?
Some households cut giving because budgets tightened. Others reallocated cash toward immediate needs like housing or medical bills.
Work through obligations—child support and student transfers—when you update your monthly plan. If cash is scarce, consider time or goods as an alternative to donations.
Tobacco spending edges lower: long-run behavior change continues
Tobacco products and smoking supplies dipped 0.3% after an 8.8% increase in 2022. That small fall may reflect gradual health-focused behavior changes.
Lower tobacco outlays free up money for emergency savings or debt reduction. Tracking these habit shifts helps lock in benefits for health and the wallet.
"Small cutbacks can signal deeper financial choices. Spot them and set rules for when to restart support."
- Evaluate why you dialed back cash: budget strain, value shifts, or reallocation.
- Map obligations like child support into your updated monthly plan.
- Decide which causes to sustain and which to support via time or goods.
- Use percent-of-income targets to keep giving aligned with capacity.
| Outlier | 2023 Change | Main Drivers | Action Steps |
| Cash contributions | −13.7% | Budget pressure, reallocation to essentials | Rebudget, pause recurring donations, consider noncash support |
| Tobacco | −0.3% | Health choices, declining use | Redirect savings to emergency fund or debt paydown |
| Support obligations | Varies | Income shifts, student needs | Set clear payment plans and review annually |
How Inflation and the Labor Market Shape Your Day-to-Day Spending
Price moves and job market shifts shape how often and how boldly people open their wallets. That link helps you turn macro data into clear actions for your household budget.
CPI‑U’s role: translating price changes into real‑world power
The CPI‑U rose 4.1% in the year, covering about 93% of the U.S. population. Use that reading to translate headline inflation into what you actually pay for food, fuel, and rent.
Practical insight: if CPI‑U jumps midyear, run a quick budget reset and watch core categories for sustained price changes.
When wage growth outpaces inflation: confident purchases return
Average pre‑tax income climbed 8.3% in 2023, outpacing inflation and boosting real purchasing power. When pay rises faster than prices, many consumers bring deferred purchases back into the plan.
Watch labor indicators—job openings, wage growth, and layoff trends. They act as near‑term drivers of how much money you feel comfortable spending.
"Align upgrades and big buys with raises or bonuses to reduce financing costs and protect savings."
| Signal | What it means for your wallet | Quick action |
| Rising CPI‑U | Prices climb across many categories | Reset grocery and fuel budgets; set alerts |
| Wage gains inflation | Real buying power improves | Time larger purchases with raises or refunds |
| Weaker labor market | Confidence and spending fall | Trim variable categories; bolster emergency cash |
Cash Is No Longer King: Mobile Payments and BNPL Redefine Checkout
Fast, app-based payments have cut friction at checkout and changed consumer expectations. Globally, 24% of consumers used mobile payment systems in the past month; in North America that share is 29%. In the U.S., Cash App (+64%), Zelle (+48%), and Apple Pay (+36%) have surged since 2021.
Buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) is rising among younger cohorts. BNPL use sits near 8% overall, with Millennials at 13% and Gen Z at 10%. These services give people flexibility for larger purchases when used responsibly.
?si=Kia3bWHIqino_Pcj">?si=Kia3bWHIqino_Pcj
Why this matters for merchants and shoppers
Streamlined checkouts cut cart abandonment and lift loyalty. Faster flows raise average order size and make repeat buying easier.
"Offer the options customers expect and you reduce friction at the moment they decide to pay."
| Payment Option | U.S. Growth since 2021 | Main Benefit | Action |
| Apple Pay | +36% | Fast, secure checkout | Enable wallet on mobile site |
| Cash App | +64% | Peer transfers and in-app purchases | Accept app-based payments where possible |
| Zelle | +48% | Bank-to-bank speed | Offer for bill or deposit flows |
| BNPL | 8% overall (M:13%, GZ:10%) | Installments for bigger buys | Set guardrails and clear terms |
- Decide which wallets to enable first based on your audience.
- Balance fees and fraud controls to protect money and trust.
- Promote payment choice on product pages, not just checkout.
- Monitor which services drive completion and double down on winners.
Surprising Trends in American Spending Habits You Need to Know
More consumers now prefer experiences that create memories rather than accumulating more things. In the U.S., about 58% say they favor travel and shareable moments over material goods. That shift changes how consumer spending flows across categories.
Experience over things: travel, wellness, and shareable moments
Travel and wellness purchases are growing. You’ll likely see more spending on trips, retreats, and concerts that deliver lasting value. Use off-peak dates and advance booking to cut costs while keeping the experience.
Subscriptions scale: recurring value across entertainment and beyond
Streaming reaches about 31% of consumers, up 16% since 2019. Ten percent now subscribe to social platforms. Bundle services and cancel unused accounts to protect your monthly cash flow.
Affordability-first mindsets amid inflation and global uncertainty
With 62% worried about inflation worldwide, many adopt an affordability-first lens. You’ll prioritize purchases with clear utility, flexible payment options, and measurable health benefits like protein-rich or prebiotic products.
"Choose products that earn their place in your routine and keep a cushion for surprises."
| Focus | What consumers do | Why it matters | Action |
| Experiences | Trips, concerts, wellness | Higher lasting value | Book off‑peak; prioritize shared events |
| Subscriptions | Streaming & social services | Recurring costs can bloat budgets | Bundle or audit monthly plans |
| Affordability | Value-first purchases | Inflation shapes choices | Choose utility and flexible pay |
Timing Is Everything: Seasonality, Weekpart Spikes, and Event-Driven Surges
Knowing when demand spikes gives you an edge on price, inventory, and travel plans. Retail cycles move through the year: slow early months, a steady rise into summer, and the biggest rush during Black Friday and holiday weeks.
Saturday peaks and holiday highs
According to SpendingPulse, Saturday is the peak day for in-store shopping. That pattern makes Saturdays ideal for planned big purchases and for catching in-store markdowns.
Plan ahead: schedule major buys on weekend spikes and use holiday promos to get the best price and inventory options.
From Black Friday to concerts: event-driven local lifts
Events reshape local markets. For example, during the Eras Tour in Kansas City, restaurant receipts over two concert days matched nearly two weeks of typical business near the stadium.
When entertainment draws large crowds, travel and lodging sell out fast. Book travel early and lock hotels to avoid surge pricing.
- Use the slow Q1, summer rise, and holiday peak to smooth your budget and avoid last-minute premiums.
- Align travel and lodging bookings well before major events to save points and fees.
- Merchants should staff services and extend hours on peak days to protect the customer experience.
- Watch short-term drivers like weather and school schedules that shift foot traffic and online conversion.
- Set spending caps before hype moments to avoid impulse buys and review receipts after events to refine timing.
"Leverage predictable rhythms and event calendars to stretch rewards, protect inventory access, and cut needless costs."
Sustainability and Health: Values That Steer Your 2025 Purchases
Values are shaping how you spend today. Many consumers pay a small premium for goods that last, are repairable, or show clear sourcing. That preference influences product design, marketing, and price transparency.
Eco-conscious choices matter: 58% of consumers say they will pay more for eco-friendly products, and 43% want businesses to prioritize sustainability. Secondhand buys have dipped, but demand for transparency rose. You’ll look for labels and third-party verification before committing.
Paying more for eco-friendly goods
Prioritize brands that publish sourcing and repairability info. Choose items designed for trade-in or recycling to lower total cost over time.
Health-forward purchases that stick
Health goods are gaining traction: protein-rich foods grew ~22% and prebiotics about 15% since 2022. Build a cart that supports lasting lifestyle change rather than one-off buys.
"Prefer repair first and replace as a last resort; track savings from longer-lasting products."
- Read labels and certifications before you buy.
- Favor refillable formats, modular parts, and transparent price breakdowns.
- Balance eco choices with travel and daily routines—pick efficient gear and transport.
- Stay flexible: global supply shifts may require planned substitutes that meet your standards.
Conclusion
2023’s numbers show where pressure points and opportunities live inside everyday budgets. Consumer spending rose as incomes outpaced inflation, giving many households more room to act.
Focus on essentials—housing and transport—while carving space for travel, subscriptions, and durable products that save money over time. Watch prices and time purchases around predictable peaks to stretch each dollar.
Modern payments and BNPL can help, but keep control to avoid overspending. Use these insights to reset allocations quarterly and favor health and sustainability where the premium returns value.
Strong, practical steps—renegotiate, refinance, and rethink timing—deliver quick wins and a more resilient plan for the year ahead.
